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Statistics Exercise 1

RLP estate values, statistical analysis and visualization using Google Earth

Processing time: 26.06 - 23rd 07. 2008

object of this exercise was to assess communities in Rhineland Palatinate by their estate values. We had to work with the land values RLP information and with Google Earth.

in Google Earth should "create polygon" command to work. The marked area still had different and meaningful are marked with elevations and differentiated colors.

Was this done we should make an original list and a statistical analysis with the land value and the terms used: minimum, maximum, range, mode, median, and outliers Mitttelwert should be clarified and named. It had to location parameters and dispersion parameters are also engaged in the assignment of terms.

First we have on the website http://www.gutachterausschuesse.rlp.de/boris/boris.html searched for a city and beaugt their land values. Here the city Saarburg.

Next, we started with Google Earth polygons to create the shapes the price of land landscapes have

By and by then had more polygons until we over 30

final KMZ file

Then we have a stem-leaf diagram by using Corel Draw made

In the end we have created a PowerPoint presentation. Here are two excerpts

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Violence reduction in towns Posted by David Lynch, Hollywood film director




This quote is from the famous Hollywood film director David Lynch and
found in: Taste of Asia, February 2008, p. 18, http://www.clikpages.co.uk/ tasteofasia /

David Lynch is the founder of David Lynch Foundation , a private foundation in the U.S., which has meant in recent years with millions of dollars that a number of both private and Consumption Community education classes, teachers and parents could learn to meditate in America. Among them are a number of schools from the so-called Inner-City Districts of the metropolitan cities in the United States, downtown areas, where social life is often weaker and marginalized groups, which are known for a high volume of violence and crime.

The quote deals with a different area of the ancient Vedic wisdom of ancient Vedic meditation technique, which spread from Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Transcendental Meditation under the name 1959 in the West and has been scientifically researched and studied covers. This is a very simple, natural technique to reduce the mental activity and a state of deeply relaxed restful alertness ("pure consciousness") to learn the basis for stress relief, improved mental and physical functions and thus clear and successful thoughts and actions.

The group practice of Transcendental Meditation and its advanced programs has in comparison to the total population, only small size of the group of people (square root of 1 percent effect) proved in scientific studies and also be effective to reverse negative social trends, ie the crime rate, accident rate and morbidity and other social parameters, which point to a low social integration and quality of life, reduce and improve the positive, progressive trends in city life. Therefore, field effects of consciousness held responsible. To that extent, school classes to help the urban climate by to improve a few minutes of shared meditation in the morning and afternoon.

The David Lynch Foundation also provides funds for independent research institutions that wish to study the effects of this program on creativity, intelligence, brain function, school and academic performance, ADHD and other learning disorders, anxiety, depression and substance abuse.
further on its website: http://www.davidlynchfoundation.org/

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designed a green center for sustainable living, according to Maharishi Sthapatya Veda and energy self-sufficient, away from the power supply



MUM's Sustainable Living Center
Off the Grid and in the Green
by David Fisher
Source: The Iowa Source 04/2008
http://www.iowasource.com/eco/2008_04_mum.html

A rendering of the proposed Sustainable Living Center at Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield, Iowa, shows the central monitor running east to west on the roof, diverting sunlight into all rooms in the building. Picture this. You’re teaching eager students of sustainability about the likes of energy-efficient day lighting, eco-friendly building materials, rooftop rainwater collection. Meanwhile, they sit in classrooms with no windows and work in labs with asbestos-lined fume hoods. Then they walk outside after a storm to see valuable rainwater gushing down gutters into storm sewers. It’s a prime example of what eco-designer David Orr says about college campuses: students hear one message but see a completely different one in the buildings they use.

And it isn’t long at all before these students start thinking, Wait a minute—something just doesn’t add up here.

They’re right, of course. And not just about the situation here, but everywhere. That’s why we have environmental problems like global warming, the depletion of once-vast fisheries, and hundreds of rural wells in Iowa with water too polluted to drink.

Environmentalism Doesn’t Cut it Anymore

For about 30 years those problems were addressed by standard environmentalism. Yet, in some ways, this approach was itself a problem. Environmentalists were often seen as elitist, more worried about saving wilderness areas for yuppie hikers than helping low-income people living around toxic waste sites. They also tended to be confrontational, driving steel spikes into lumber-bound trees and challenging whaling ships with small boats. And their gloom-and-doom approach just seemed to be more problem oriented than solution oriented. All that led to the provocative 2004 essay by Nordhaus and Shellenberger on “The Death of Environmentalism.”

Well, maybe environmentalism isn’t dead, and to be fair, it did accomplish a lot. But it certainly seems to have lost its punch by clinging to somewhat misplaced priorities. It also lacks a compelling way to induce real change. Many people say they’re pro-environment but can’t be bothered even to switch to compact fluorescent light bulbs.

Sustainability to the Rescue

Enter sustainability, the idea that we have to get smarter about managing our resources, so they’ll last indefinitely in a way that’s kind to the planet. Although sustainability’s overall goals are the same as those of environmentalism, it takes a much more egalitarian, cooperative, optimistic, and solution-oriented approach. And it has a street-smarts appeal so hot you can now Google “sustainable” followed by almost any noun and get a mother-earth lode of quality hits. Sustainable art. Sustainable weddings. Sustainable kitchens. Even sustainable funerals, for heaven’s sake!

Which explains why the Sustainable Living Program at Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield has itself been such a hit. It’s grown from 6 students when it began in 2003 to around 50 now, and is the first of its kind to offer a four-year degree in sustainability. Its goal is to provide students with the knowledge and skills they need to help design, build, and maintain sustainable communities. Unlike other environmental programs, it emphasizes the seamless integration of all areas of sustainability in the context of consciousness. As Einstein once noted, problems cannot be solved at the same level of awareness at which they arose. In other words, green technologies and education alone are not enough. In order to take progress to the next level, you have to raise individual and collective consciousness, which is the specialty of Maharishi University of Management.

Now, About Those Windowless Classrooms . . .

Long overdue for improvement, the original buildings were designed to house science classes back when this campus was Parsons College. Thanks to an eco-gang of Sustainable Living majors (Sustainable Livers, we call them) led by faculty member Lonnie Gamble, students Robbie Gongwer and Troy Van Beek, and Sustainability Coordinator Mark Stimson, we’ve installed Sola-Tubes and skylights, converted a chemistry lab into a eco-projects workshop, and are well on our way to making this wing of the library-science building LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certified.

That’s great, and we’ll continue to use this facility. But it isn’t enough. What we really need is a building that demonstrates what we’re teaching, one that will bring together more innovative and unique green building principles than can be found anywhere else.

A Building That Teaches

The Sustainable Living Center will have classrooms, a research laboratory, greenhouse, kitchen, workshop, covered east and west verandas (where classes can be held in good weather), a north porch, offices, and restrooms. It will be off the grid with respect to electricity, heating, cooling, water, and waste treatment. That degree of self-sufficiency alone has rarely, if ever, been accomplished for a college campus building. And that’s just the start.

The building will also be constructed according to the principles of Maharishi Sthapatya Veda, which take into account orientation, proportion, and placement of rooms and entrances. The purpose of these ancient architectural principles is to bring the building into accord with subtle yet powerful laws of nature that enhance the health, prosperity, and well-being of its occupants.

But wait, there’s more. The Center will also be Building Biology compliant. This architectural concept comes from Germany (where it’s called Bau-biology) and is concerned mainly with the effects of buildings on human health. It thus specifies non-toxic building materials, elimination of water buildup in the walls that encourages molds and spores, and handling of electrical lines and appliances to eliminate potentially harmful electromagnetic radiation.

And still more. The purpose of the “monitor” you see running east and west in the illustration is to direct sunlight into all rooms of the building, even the restrooms in the center. Many studies have shown that natural daylighting results in improved learning for students as well as better work efficiency.

And yet more. The building will qualify for platinum LEED certification, which means it will meet a stringent list of eco-friendly design criteria set by the U.S. Green Building Council. Impressive as it sounds, that’s almost an afterthought for the Center, not only because of all its other features but also because it will be a “living” building. That designation, also set by the USGBC (in conjunction with the Cascadia Region Green Building Council), means it will meet performance measures regarding site, materials, energy, indoor quality, water, and beauty and inspiration. Together, these criteria ensure that a building gives back to the environment more than it takes from it.

A Regional Resource

As exemplary as the Sustainable Living Center will be, its value will not be confined to the students who take courses there. It will also be a regional resource for home owners and building professionals to see how well these features work together, and not just by visual inspection. Sensors installed throughout the building will record and archive environmental performance parameters that anyone can follow on a continuing real-time website. In addition, research on green building materials and methods will be conducted in the research laboratory.

We fully expect this extraordinary building to help put Fairfield on the map as a center of environmental building design that will attract many visitors. Mike Nicklas, of Innovative Design in Raleigh, North Carolina, says that the Solar Center, a far less novel environmental building he designed in Raleigh, has attracted 300,000 visitors over the last 25 years. For that reason, building suppliers—who rightly recognized its advertising potential—donated two-thirds of the materials and systems used in its construction.

So far, we’ve completed a feasibility study, a schematic design, a costing study, and an independent MAI appraisal. The building is appraised at $2 million, but with the help of donated cash, building supplies, labor, and an investment strategy that makes use of a 501c3 appreciated asset donation to a non-profit, we expect to build it for about half that. Donors of all kinds will be acknowledged prominently in the building itself, including explanations of products and systems and how they are green, sustainable, or energy efficient.

Altogether, this extraordinary building will be a community model for more environmental, energy-efficient, and healthy building principles than have ever been assembled in a single campus building. It simply has no equal anywhere at any college or university

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Credit Suisse dedicated to the East an entire issue of the customer magazine: Vastu, Ostung in Western church architecture, Vitruvius and more

in its customer magazine, the Swiss bank Credit Suisse has devoted her Bulletin 4 / 07 an entire issue on "The East". ?
scheibt To initiate the bulletin it:
am "Where am Where I go, the question of her own position is driving humanity since ancient times as a fixed orientation to keep the constant of the East - where the sun rises architecture, navigation,.. everyday life depend on the mother of all directions'. "

Here is the article by Regula Gerber from the Credit Suisse emagazine:
http://emagazine.credit-suisse.com/app/article/index.cfm?fuseaction=OpenArticle&aoid=203724&lang=DE

the Eastern Front

05.11.2007 For thousands of directions for the architecture of a great importance, a system like this makes for an orientation for the people and the earth. As a fixed constant, the orientation has to the east, and the variety of the ages and across cultures. The reasons are varied.

The place where the sun rises has special meaning: The sun is life and light-giver, and divides the day, month and year into people not influenced cycles. This realization has over thousands of everyday life, religion, and consequently the architecture of different Cultures such as the Indian, Chinese, Romans or Greeks coined. Archaeological surveys and excavations show that these ancient cultures shared a common knowledge is based. But behind its architecture and especially behind the orientation of a building to the east, different motives and mechanisms: While the principle is to some cultures a metaphysical link between architecture and spirituality, it is mainly for other health or functional reasons.

Towards power and strength

The scholars of the Occident and the Orient possessed a marked ability to observe the natural Phänomene. Dazu gehörte auch das Studieren der Gesetzmässigkeiten des Kosmos, besonders der Gestirne. Das Ziel von Kulturen wie der chinesischen oder indischen ist es, die Lebensqualität zu verbessern, indem der Mensch mit den Kräften der Natur in Harmonie und Balance lebt. Deshalb spielen in Architekturlehren wie dem chinesischen Feng Shui oder dem indischen Vastu die Himmelsrichtungen und ihre Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit eine wichtige Rolle. Der Sonnenstand, also die Richtung Osten, erweist sich besonders in der Architektur des Vastu als sehr bedeutend. Gemäss Historikern ist diese Lehre auf einen Zeitraum zwischen 6000 und 7000 vor Christus zu datieren. Im Indien der Antike war Vastu ein Bestandteil des täglichen Lebens. Sowohl Cities, palaces, temples and private homes, theaters and military fortifications were built according to his principles. The Vastu architecture theory is based significantly on the properties of the compass. Both in the design of a building as well as in the arrangement of its areas every direction is attributed to an individual quality. It affects everything that is in this direction or moved.

Particular importance is attached to the east and the north-and south-side directions. The East is in the Vastu-teaching the first position given in the directions, because the sun rises with their energy in that direction. It is considered the best direction is for wealth and prosperity and is known as the father's direction. It is ruled by Indra, the ruler of the demigods, who embodies power and strength. Vastu has long recognized, is that the light of the morning sun was particularly beneficial to the organism. So the sun from the north and south is particularly sensitive. Olivera Reuther, graduated engineer of architecture from Berlin, holds himself in planning the Vastu architecture teaching. What can that mean in practical, it runs like this:. "The morning sun should shine directly on land and house and therefore the northeastern, eastern and southeastern part of the property will not be built up, is accessible, if the main entrance a house faces east. Here, the window should be larger and more numerous than in the other directions. Areas such as bathrooms and kitchen, where special cleanliness is required to be in the eastern or southeastern part of a building. recommend it is that the head has sleeping, eating, cooking or meditation in the East. "In India, Vastu is experiencing a revival, and also in the West is growing interest, particularly related to Ayurveda. The ancient teachings are still perfectly in structures such as temple city in South India in Madurais obtained.


"Oriens" and "anatolae"
While the Vedic literature exists today only a part, the work remained on architecture from classical times the circumference, "Ten Books on Architecture," written by Marcus Vitruvius Pollio (33 BC) at the time of Emperor Augustus, was the theory of architecture of Western architecture groundbreaking. Vitruvius also called for the orientation of the house and the cities after the path of the sun and the wind directions. But standing in the civil architecture - ie buildings that were used in contrast to religious buildings for secular tasks - pragmatic reasons in foreground; factors such as territory, were the kind of needs the key foundation for the construction. The goal was correct and healthy building. These were that Vitruvius, not oriented to the city walls after the hot or cold, but the temperate east and west directions, so that favorable winds blowing through the streets and therefore the houses could be spared. Geostet however, such as bedrooms and libraries would have to be, "because its use requires the morning sun." In sacred architecture such as altars and temples, East was an important meaning: "If there be nothing to prevent it, and a free hand to the temple and the idol in the early evening direction (west) to be addressed so that those who which the sacrifices or acts of worship near the altar, nach Osten und zum Götterbild blicken."

Die östliche Ausrichtung fand sich nicht nur bei den Römern und Griechen, sondern auch bei anderen Kulturen, die im Mittelmeerbecken ein Jahrtausend vor und bis zum Christentum existierten. Als eines der wichtigsten Elemente im Heiligtum der Antike galt dabei der achsial nach Osten ausgerichtete Altar. Die Kultstatue wurde nach Osten blickend im Tempel aufbewahrt. Dieser sollte dort, wo es das Territorium erlaubte, mit dem Hauptzugang geostet werden. Ostung, wörtlich "Orientierung", stammt vom lateinischen "oriens" und heisst aufgehend, während bei den Griechen Himmelsaufgang "anatolae" bedeutet. "Für beide, Römer wie Griechen, stellte die Ost-West-Achse ein wesentliches Moment of religious thought and a specific understanding of culture is, "Christian Russenberger, an archaeologist at the University of Zurich said." It had its origin in the ideas of the world and civilization. Thus the Greeks believed that they were brought the culture of the east, which was true in some cases. Some of deities such as Dionysus was the idea that they had immigrated from the East - although these are in fact negotiated to genuinely Greek gods.

The eastern direction on the one hand as a place of origin Kulturwerdung and understood. On the other hand, they regarded the Greeks as a place whose good climatic conditions, and effeminacy and decadence led. In contrast, the West was due to its harsh climate, particularly as uncivilized. . Greece saw itself in the center-oriented than just moderate and right "

The Garden of Eden
find While in Vitruvius details Ostung, but overall, the principle - as indeed the religion - designed not as dogmatic as in Christian architecture. There was the alignment to the east has always been a high symbolic value. In the early days already by the Christians from their baptismal vows to the east, while her "I renounce evil" in the direction of the sunset said. At that time it was first necessary that the light through the door from the east in the interior of the church could fall. Later, however, the altar as the more important part of the church was looked at, because there took place the solemn ritual of the mass. At least since the 8 / 9 Century, therefore, the Christian churches turned over. The longitudinal axis was now generally from west to east, so that the choir and the altar faced east and the main entrance was in the West. In today's liturgy, the priest looks but in the direction of the faithful, but he looked earlier in the east. Even at funerals in the church, and cemeteries of the dead man's face was usually to the east. As the sun rises during the year are not always in the same place, some churches even to the point of emergence of a particular day out geostet. At St. Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna as it is the 26th of December 1137 (the day of the patron saint of the church in the beginning of construction).

Lothar Schmitt, architectural historian at the ETH Zurich. He sees the Ostung following reasons: "The construction of a church should be according to the medieval interpretation of an image of the celestial sphere in the Old and New Testament there are references in which the Messiah as' the man with the name Oriens', 'the sun. the Justice (sol iustitiae) refers. Accordingly, the sunrise in the east a screen for the resurrected Christ was. " Isidore of Seville, an important author on the brink from the middle ages, the traditional notion of heaven as having two doors in the east and west, through which the light of the sun and departed. In the medieval world view was suspected scheme of paradise in the far east. Because Christians aspire to it, they would, according to the theologian Honorius of Autun, turn in that direction.

"Soleil, Espace, Verdure"
Even modern churches are geostet if possible. A famous example is the pilgrimage church at Ronchamp by Le Corbusier dar. in 1887 in La Chaux-de-Fonds-born French-Swiss architect, is still a beacon of modernity, was considered the "sun" par excellence. Bruno Maurer, architectural historian at the ETH Zurich, describes him as a natural philosopher.. "Le Corbusier was a strong believer in the power of nature is why the path of the sun, the sun and the orientation then were very central to his work bear witness not only almost all his works . but also writings on architecture and urbanism One of his catchy, oft-quoted formula is' Soleil, Espace, Verdure '(' light, air, opening ') in 1942, he even writes explicitly.' La journée solaire de 24 heures est la mesure entreprises de toutes urbanistiques. " He was referring to the orientation on day and night as a measure of urban development measures. "

The arguments are not brought to modernity least from the proscribed 19th Century: At the end of this century takes the architecture to the findings of the hygiene movement. This was the fight against tuberculosis and other diseases to the target. In the course of scientific research was the importance of solar radiation have been investigated and proved to positive impact on human health. "These findings should accordingly be incorporated in the design and orientation of buildings," said Maurer. "So come the new construction no longer receive primary representation or status purposes, but are the health requirements. The sky to the east is required there where no extreme irradiation are desirable. The ist zum Beispiel im modernen Schulbau der Fall, wo die empfohlene Himmelsrichtung Ost -Ost-Süd ist. Oder im Wohnungsbau: Hier werden neue städtebauliche Typologien wie der Zeilenbau propagiert, der bei Nord -Süd-Ausrichtung Wohnungen hervorbringt, die von Morgen- oder Abendsonne oder beidem profitieren."

Doch welchen Stellenwert hat die Ostausrichtung heute noch in der Architektur? Dazu meint Maurer: "Tatsächlich wird die heutige Architektur entscheidend durch neue technische Entwicklungen und Standards wie beispielsweise Isolierglas und Solarzellen beeinflusst. Trotzdem berücksichtigt jeder intelligente Architekt den Sonnenverlauf in der Positionierung des Hauses und der Disposition der Räume. Das Schlafzimmer nach Osten und . The morning sun and the loggia west to enjoy the sunset and 2000 years makes for Vitruvius any sense "